Sharpsburg initially incorporated into Coweta County in 1871, setting its limits a half mile around the railroad depot. In 1898, the town changed its center to its public well and extended its limits.
Town residents approved a prohibition on alcohol in 1877 and repealed it just two years later in 1879.
Notable people from Sharpsburg include athletes Janet Dykman and Keith Brooking; actors Allan Kayser, Josh Andrew Koenig and Rusty Stevens; and congressional district representative Lynn A. Westmoreland.